The plague is caused by rats and fleas. When a flea bites a healthy rat, the fleas hunger is eased because the rat’s blood has gone into the flea's stomach. But when a flea bites an infected rat, the disease goes into a different part of its body causing hunger. This makes the fleas feed off more rodents until they all die off. The fleas then turn to humans to feed; this then makes the humans infected.
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This image also shows the cycle of how the Plague is spread